![]() ![]() Toxicodendron calcicolum, endemic to China. ![]() Toxicodendron acuminatum (or Rhus acuminata) grows in China, Bhutan, India and Nepal.Avoidance, treatment, and safety įor specific information on prevention and treatment of Toxicodendron rashes, see Urushiol-induced contact dermatitis. It is still used in many tropical and subtropical countries in the production of wax match sticks. Japan wax is not a true wax but a solid fat that contains 10-15% palmitin, stearin, and olein with about 1% japanic acid (1,21-heneicosanedioic acid). The conical rousoku candles produced from sumac wax burn with smokeless flame and were favored in many respects over candles made from lard or beeswax during the Tokugawa shogunate. The sumac wax was a byproduct of traditional Japanese lacquer manufacture. In East Asia, in particular in Japan, traditional candle fuel was produced from Toxicodendron vernicifluum (synonym: Rhus verniciflua) and Toxicodendron succedaneum (synonym: Rhus succedanea), among other sumac plants in the genus Toxicodendron, rather than beeswax or animal fats. succedaneum), are used to make lacquer, and, as a byproduct of lacquer manufacture, their berries are used to make japan wax. The resins of certain species native to Japan, China and other Asian countries, such as lacquer tree ( T. Technically, the plants do not contain a poison they contain a potent allergen. Poison oak is not an oak ( Quercus, family Fagaceae), but this common name comes from the leaves' resemblance to white oak ( Quercus alba) leaves, while poison ivy is not an ivy ( Hedera, family Araliaceae), but has a superficially similar growth form. The common names come from similar appearances to other species that are not closely related and to the allergic response to the urushiol. ![]() Leaves of poison sumac have 7–13 leaflets, and of Lacquer Tree, 7–19 leaflets. While leaves of poison ivy and poison oaks usually have three leaflets, sometimes there are five or, occasionally, even seven leaflets. The plants grow as creeping vines, climbing vines, shrubs, or, in the case of lacquer tree ( T. The leaves may have smooth, toothed, or lobed edges, and all three types of leaf edges may be present in a single plant. Plants in the genus have pinnately compound, alternate leaves and whitish or grayish drupes. There is evidence which points to keeping Toxicodendron as a separate monophyletic genus, but researchers have stated that the Toxicodendron and Rhus groups are complex and require more study to be fully understood. The genus is a member of the Rhus complex, and has at various times been categorized as being either its own genus or a sub-genus of Rhus. diversilobum), similarly ubiquitous throughout much of the western part of the continent. radicans), practically ubiquitous throughout most of eastern North America, and western poison oak ( T. The best known members of the genus in North America are poison ivy (T. The generic name is derived from the Greek words τοξικός ( toxikos), meaning "poison," and δένδρον ( dendron), meaning "tree". All members of the genus produce the skin-irritating oil urushiol, which can cause a severe allergic reaction. It contains trees, shrubs and woody vines, including poison ivy, poison oak, and the lacquer tree. Toxicodendron is a genus of flowering plants in the sumac family, Anacardiaceae. ![]()
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