8/16/2023 0 Comments Hypocretin deficiency treatmentMore common conditions that cause excessive daytime sleepiness include: In more severe cases, medications that stimulate the nervous system are used, such as amphetamine, methylphenidate or modafinil. If the symptoms are mild, simple management and coping techniques, such as making time for naps during the day, are helpful. Treatment depends on the severity of the condition. This deficiency is usually present in patients who have narcolepsy-cataplexy. Some people with narcolepsy have a deficiency of a wake-promoting chemical called orexin or hypocretin. Instead of introducing sleepy feelings towards the end of each day, narcolepsy prompts random sleepiness. It is thought that narcolepsy is caused by a malfunctioning of the hypothalamus that prevents pathways in the brain from working properly. The hypothalamus is also connected to the reticular activating pathways, which are the brain structures that govern our sleep and wake cycles. Some of its vital roles include controlling body temperature, appetite and thirst. The hypothalamus is a small structure that sits deep inside the brain. This immobilisation can last for a few seconds. Sleep paralysis – at the point of falling asleep, or more often on waking, the person cannot speak or even breathe.Hypnagogic hallucinations – vivid, dream-like perceptions that happen when the person isn’t quite asleep and may involve hallucinations of sight, sound or feeling (seeing or hearing things).It is thought to be related to the muscle paralysis that occurs to everyone during REM sleep. This can cause a collapse without loss of consciousness and can last from a few seconds to minutes. Cataplexy – a sudden, brief reversible episode of muscle weakness brought on by a powerful emotional trigger such as laughing or anger.Symptoms of narcolepsyĪs well as extreme sleepiness and a tendency to fall asleep during the day, other symptoms of narcolepsy all reflect the intrusion of REM sleep outside of established sleep, including: This test may also show if there is very early interruption of REM (rapid eye movement or dreaming) sleep. Since symptoms vary so much between people, a laboratory test called the Multiple Sleep Latency Test can be used to measure daytime sleepiness during four to five naps of 20 minutes. Others with this condition have more control over their naps and can choose when and where they will sleep, such as during lunch breaks. For instance, some people with narcolepsy might fall asleep for 10 to 20 minutes several times every day, whether they want to or not. A person with narcolepsy usually has the condition for life.Īll people with narcolepsy have extreme levels of sleepiness during the day, but how this shows itself can differ. Narcolepsy can develop at any age, but it commonly starts either during the teenage years or in middle age. A person with narcolepsy has excessive daytime sleepiness, with repeated episodes of sleep attacks, falling asleep involuntarily at inappropriate times, often several times every day. The term narcolepsy is generally used for this group of disorders. A primary problem with keeping awake and vigilant during the daytime.
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